A Teenage Girl's Guide to “The IUD”

Written by Gigi Frankowski

Looking for a birth control method that's long-term, low-maintenance, and super effective? The IUD (intrauterine device) might be your new best friend. This article breaks down the two types of IUDs—hormonal and non-hormonal—so you can figure out if it’s the right fit for your body and lifestyle.

The Hormonal IUD: This IUD slowly releases a hormone called progestin (kind of like what’s in the Pill). It works by thickening the cervical mucus to block sperm and sometimes stopping ovulation. Some people stop getting periods altogether, others notice lighter or shorter ones. There are 4 hormonal IUDs in the U.S.—Kyleena, LILETTA, Mirena, and Skyla—and they last between 3 to 8 years depending on which one you get.

The Copper IUD: If you want a hormone-free option, the copper IUD (brand name Paragard) is the way to go. It’s wrapped in copper which naturally stops sperm from reaching the egg. It can stay in your body for up to 12 years. But it might make your periods heavier and more crampy, especially at first.

Pros: 

✔ Super effective (over 99%) 

✔ Lasts for years—no daily pill to remember 

✔ Can be removed anytime if you want to switch methods or get pregnant 

✔ Hormonal and non-hormonal options

Cons: 

✘ Does not protect against STIs 

✘ Insertion can be uncomfortable (usually done at a clinic) 

✘ Hormonal versions may cause spotting, mood swings, or breast tenderness 

✘ Copper IUD can make periods heavier

Bonus Fact: Some IUDs (LILETTA, Mirena, and Paragard) can also be used as emergency contraception if inserted within 5 days after unprotected sex—making them one of the most effective emergency options out there.

The IUD Insertion Process:

An IUD is about 2-3 cm long. Having one inserted takes about 10-15 minutes. The doctor will ask you to lay back, scoot to the edge of the table, and put your legs in the stirrups, kind of like getting a Pap smear. They’ll numb the area, and use a speculum to widen your vagina. Each IUD comes with a tool that looks like a long straw, and allows the IUD to be inserted into the uterus. 

Sources: 

Planned Parenthood: https://www.plannedparenthood.org/learn/birth-control/iud

The Bedsider: https://www.bedsider.org/birth-control/iud/reviews#submenu